The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Artistic Creation: Tool, Collaborator, or Creator?

Abstract

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into artistic creation has sparked profound debates regarding its role in the creative process. This paper explores whether AI functions merely as a tool, acts as a collaborator, or emerges as an independent creator. Drawing on a critical review of existing literature, along with case studies of AI-driven art projects such as Refik Anadol's data sculptures and AICAN's generative artworks, the discussion examines the extent of AI's creative agency. The paper argues that while AI expands the boundaries of human creativity when used as a tool, it also fosters novel forms of human-machine collaboration that blur traditional notions of authorship. However, viewing AI as a true creator raises philosophical and ethical questions about intention, originality, and cultural value. By analyzing the interplay between human and machine in artistic production, this study highlights the complex, evolving relationship between technology and creativity. The findings suggest that future artistic practices will increasingly rely on interdisciplinary collaboration, challenging conventional definitions of art and authorship in a rapidly changing technological landscape.