Rural Economic Development and Regional Transformation in Turkey: Challenges and Policy Pathways

Abstract

Turkey’s rural areas face a range of development challenges, including declining agricultural employment, regional inequality, infrastructure gaps, and youth outmigration. This paper examines the transformation of rural economies in Turkey and the role of regional development policies in fostering inclusive and sustainable growth. It analyzes agricultural modernization, rural-urban migration, infrastructure expansion, and EU-aligned regional investment programs. Drawing on national strategies and local case studies, the paper outlines policy and institutional reforms required to enhance rural competitiveness and bridge the rural-urban divide.