Implementing Product-as-a-Service Models for Durable Consumer Electronics: Drivers, Challenges, and Implications for Resource Management

Abstract

The consumer electronics sector is characterized by short product lifecycles, rapid technological obsolescence, and significant waste generation, contributing to the growing challenge of electronic waste (e-waste). This article explores the adoption and implications of Product-as-a-Service (PaaS) models as a key strategy for fostering a circular economy (CE) in the durable consumer electronics industry. By shifting from product ownership to service provision, PaaS models incentivize manufacturers to design for durability, repairability, and upgradability, thereby extending product lifespans and enhancing resource efficiency. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, case studies of early adopters, and an analysis of stakeholder perspectives, this study identifies the primary drivers for implementing PaaS, the significant challenges faced, and the broader implications for resource management and circularity. The findings emphasize the need for robust reverse logistics, supportive policy frameworks, and evolving consumer mindsets to unlock the full potential of PaaS in reducing e-waste and advancing circularity.